x on the ballot paper (where "x" is the number of candidates on the ballot paper)). In preferential bloc voting, which is the bloc form of IRV, each voter ranks the candidates (i.e. If each voter only receives one vote then partial bloc voting reduces to a single non-transferable vote. It is used for elections in Gibraltar, where each voter has 8 votes, and 15 seats are open for election: the usual result is that the most popular party wins 8 seats and forms the Gibraltar administration, while the second most popular wins 7 seats and forms the opposition. This can enable reasonably sized minorities to achieve some representation. Partial block voting (or Limited-voting) involves each voter receiving fewer votes than the number of candidates to be elected. It was used in the Australian Senate from 1901 to 1948 (from 1918, this was preferential bloc voting), is widely used for local elections in the United Kingdom and is often used to elect the boards of directors of corporations. Like first past the post methods, small cohesive groups of voters can overpower larger numbers of disorganised voters who do not engage in tactical voting.īloc voting has its origins in common law. It regularly produces complete landslide majorities for the group of candidates with the highest level of support, though this does tend to lead to greater agreement among those elected. The bloc voting system has a number of features which can make it unrepresentative of the voters' intentions. The n candidates with the highest number of votes are elected. In Bloc Plurality voting, also known as Plurality-at-large voting, each voter places n Xs on the ballot paper, where n is the number of candidates to be elected. Note that this is very different from most bloc voting methods in that it passes a weak form of PSC. Single non-transferable vote: Each voter casts one vote for one candidate in a multi-candidate race for multiple offices.It is equivalent to doing SNTV but allowing the voter to split their vote up into fractions between various candidates. Typically, each voter will have as many votes as there are winners to be selected. This could be achieved through a normalized ratings ballot, or through multiple plurality ballots, one per each point allocated. The voter can then assign his points to one or more of the choices, thus enabling one to weight one's vote if desired. Cumulative Voting: In this system, a voter facing multiple choices is given X number of points.This process continues until all positions are filled. The next two highest scoring candidates then runoff, with the finalist preferred by more voters winning the next seat. The finalist who was preferred by (scored higher by) more voters wins the first seat. All the scores are added and the two highest scoring candidates advance to an automatic runoff. Bloc STAR Voting: Each voter scores all the candidates on a scale from 0-5.Elect the candidates with the highest total score until all positions are filled. Starting the scale at zero is preferable. Bloc Score Voting: Each voter scores all the candidates on a scale with three or more units.Elect the candidates with the most votes until all positions are filled. Bloc Plurality Voting: Each voter chooses as many candidates as there are seats to be elected.Voters may not vote more than once for any one candidate. Bloc Approval Voting: Each voter chooses (no ranking) as many candidates as desired.Bloc voting (or block voting) (also called at-large voting, in reference to Plurality-at-large) refers to a class of Multi-Member System which can be used to elect several representatives from a single constituency.
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