Barthlott ( 1991a) modified the delimitation by proposing a more inclusive genus that consisted of species that share a distribution in Central America and are characterized by diurnal flowering. In the 1990s, the genus Disocactus underwent two major modifications in terms of its delimitation and the number of included species. Therefore, Bravo-Hollis ( 1978) recognized six species in Disocactus ( Table 1) based on the classification of Buxbaum ( 1958). and Pseudorhipsalis Britton & Rose), and two represented monotypic genera ( Bonifazia Standl. In subsequent years, four species were added to Disocactus: two corresponded to taxa that were transferred from other genera ( Rhipsalis Gaertn. Later, Britton & Rose ( 1923) added another species, which was also from Guatemala ( Table 1). In 1845, Lindley proposed Disocactus as a monotypic genus for Cereus biformis Lindl., a species native to Guatemala, with morphological characteristics that were sufficiently distinct from other cacti, such as flat stems and small pink flowers with few perianth segments. However, as in other groups of cacti, the delimitation of the genus has been modified over the years, as a reflection of an oscillating taxonomic history. These species exhibit diurnal, brightly coloured flowers and may be found from central Mexico to Central America ( Barthlott & al. ( Cactaceae, Cactoideae, Hylocereeae) includes species with terrestrial, climbing and epiphytic growth forms. Version of record first published online on 1 April 2016 ahead of inclusion in April 2016 issue. Based on the obtained results, a new circumscription for Disocactus is proposed. Epiphyllum and Pseudorhipsalis are identified as sister clades of Disocactus. aurantiacus was not recovered in the clade of D. Three subclades were observed within this clade, and three well-supported sister-species relationships were recovered: D. was recovered for 13 species, including Epiphyllum anguliger, E. Our phylogenetic analysis supports neither the monophyly of Disocactus as it is currently defined nor that of the subgenera. Six chloroplast markers ( matK, psbA-trnH, rpl16, trnL-F, trnQ-rps16 and ycf1) were sequenced in ten species of Disocactus, 17 representatives from the remaining genera of Hylocereeae and five members of outgroups ( Acanthocereus, Lemaireocereus and Pereskia). Phylogenetic reconstruction was carried out with data from DNA sequences using the maximum parsimony and Bayesian inference criteria to explore the monophyly of the genus, its subgenera and its position within Hylocereeae. The genus Disocactus is native to Mexico and Central America and includes 11 species in four subgenera: D.
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